Serological examination of specific antibodies against H. pylori in children must be interpreted with regard to age groups. Examination by the breath test with 13 C urea is available but for economic reasons it is not generally used in practice. Endoscopic examination therefore remains under our conditions the „gold standard“ in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis and H. pylori infection in children. In children there is no specific gastrointestinal symptomatology associated with H. pylori infection with the exception of peptic ulceration. General screening of H. pylori infection in children with gastrointestinal symptoms is not suitable and screening for infection is reserved for children with serious symptoms where organic disease is suspected. There endoscopy is the method of choice. So far the question remains open if there is any of the long-term presence of chronic gastritis in children and the incidence of serious H. pylori dependent disease in adult age. Treatment of infection in children is essential in case of a peptic ulcer and in children with serious symptomatology and confirmed H. pylori infection, namely in those children in whole family there is H. pylori-positive peptic ulcer or gastric/carcinoma MALT lymphoma. Therape- utic regimes respect general guidelines according to the patient’s age group..

        Key words: Helicobacter pylori infection - children - examination methods - symptoms treatment.