Introduction: IgD multiple myeloma belongs to relatively rare types of plasmacytomas and affects less than 2% of all MM-patients. Survival of patients with IgD MM is generally believed to be shorter than that of patients with other types of M-protein. Objective: To verify shorter survival of patients with the IgG form of MM in a group of patients treated in the Czech Republic. Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: 2nd Internal Clinic – Clinical Haematology Ward, Medical Faculty, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové; Internal Haemato-oncological Clinic, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University and Faculty Hospital Brno- -Bohunice; 3rd Internal Clinic, Medical Faculty, University of Palacky and Faculty Hospital Olomouc; Clinical Haematology Ward, Faculty Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Prague; Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, Charles University and Faculty Hospital, Hradec Králové. Methods: We carried out a retrospective analysis of 20 myeloma patients treated by 4 Czech hemato-oncological centers in last seven years. There were 12 (60%) males and 8 (40%) females, the median age was 62 years. 12 (60%) patients were treated by conventional chemotherapy regimes and 8 (40%) patients were treated by high-dose therapy with following autologous peripheral stem cells transplantation. Results: It is very interesting that we observed 100% therapy response in the group of patients treated by high-dose therapy contrary to 58% (CR+PR) in patients treated by conventional chemotherapy regimes. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups of patients in overall survival (p=0.035), the median overall survival (OS) of group treated by conventional chemotherapy was 14 months only, whereas the median OS in group of patients after APBSCT has not yet been reached (it is still alive 70% patients). Conclusion: It is necessary to consider high-dose therapy with following APBSCT when treating patients with IgD MM under 65 years because it is possible to reach similar results compared to patients with other MM types. Further improvement of their outcome might be reached either using new drugs.

        Key words: IgD multiple myeloma, prognosis, therapy, autologous transplantation.