The authors present a summary of current postgraduate education status in the field of military clinical specializations with the focus on surgery and military surgery. Recent organizational changes in medical care within the Czech Army, along with changes associated with the new legal directives regulating the acquirement of professional and specialized medical qualification, will require a new approach to the training of surgeons and other physicians in the Czech Republic. This will involve new educational goals, adaptation of specialized curricula and introduction of systematic quality measurement methods of teaching and training.

        Key words: military surgery, education and training in surgery, evaluation of knowledge and skills