The article is focused on the topic of venous thrombosis and on the current conception of its prophylaxis. Pathophysiology and incidence of postoperative thromboembolism are described and principles of thromboembolic disease prevention, which are based on conclusions of the 7th Conference of American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP – 2004) are mentioned.

        Key words: venous thrombosis, prophylaxis, low molecular weight heparins.