Introduction: Introduction of endoscopic invasive procedures in the 70tn and 80tn years leaded to decrease reoperations on biliáry tree. Iatrogenic injury of the biliáry tract háve increased in incidence in the first decade with the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Athough a number of factors háve been identified with a high risk of injury (and number of tech-nical steps háve been emphasized to avoid these injury, the incidence of the bile duet injury has reached at least double the rate observed with open cholecystectomy. Most patients that sustained a bile duet injury are recognized in the weeks following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Careful preoperative preparation should include control of sepsis by draining any bile collecti-ons or fistulas and complete cholangiography. Long term results are best achieved in specialized hepatobiliary centers perfor-ming biliáry reconstruction with a Roux-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Success rates over 90% háve been reported from several cent-res to dáte with intermediate follow-up. Introduction of an invasive endoscopy. Věry dangerous is injury after endoscopic papi-lotomy. Own experiences: In an article of a review of experiences of the Ist Department of Surgery of General hospital in Prague since 1971 in 1 017 reoperations on biliáry tree has been carried out. There were in 311 patients 164 hepato-hepatostomies and 147 hepaticojejunostomies ušed (Tab. 1). By laparoscopic injuries in the last decade were hilary injuries (Bismuth IV) and hepaticojejunostomy was doně in all cases. Died 6%, long term results are acceptable by injured patients with hepatico-hepa-ticostomies in 70%, by hepaticojejunostomies in 90%. Reoperated were 10% patients. Remnant patients were dilated endos-copically. Postoperatively morbidity was high, above 26%. In years 1995-2003 were 8 patients with papila injury and inflam-mation in retroperitoneum operated as a injured duodenum (Tab. 2). Conclusions: Better experiences with treatment of injured biliary tree and papila are in centres interested in hepatobiliary surgery which know anatomy of hilus of the liver and can see wide hepaticojejunostomy. Transfer of drained injured patient to centre is possible.

        Key words: biliary tree injury – bile duct injury – papila Vateri injury – bile duct stenosis