The idea of eugenics and related ethical theories have emerged as increasingly important in contemporary medical ethics. The presented essay outlines a series of questions about the historical and philosophical aspects of this idea and its place in contemporary society. First it considers the fact, that the idea of eugenics is a very old concept attempting to achieve a harmonious and stable society and that this goal has an impressive eschatological potential. Next, it proves the possibility that „latent eugenics“ are very influential in contemporary medicine, for example by shaping human medical needs and goals. Finally it is suggested, that the idea of eugenics is ethically suspect, because it evaluated human beings by virtue of their genetic constitution.

        Key words: eugenics - eschatological goal - technological interventions in human reproduction